I am still learning, too, but here's what I'm working on. First, I think it always helps to talk to a doctor and get tests, no matter how much or little they know about TMS. Even if they recommend a treatment that you're hesitant to try. Even if it takes more than one visit to get all the tests done and rule out anything truly dangerous. Hearing that it's not cancer or a broken back or whatever is the important thing. What you do with the diagnosis you get is up to you.
Unless your doctor (whom I think you should always see) tells you there is something dangerously wrong with you and that you must have a particular treatment RIGHT NOW or risk serious damage/illness, there is plenty of time to explore your healing options. In the Pain Recovery Program on this site, we learn that most people don't buy into the possibility of TMS 100% from the start. The bits of evidence we gather in the process of reframing our relationship with pain help strengthen the case that it's TMS over time, which enhances our ability to reframe our pain, and on and on in a positive feedback loop. I don't think you have to 100% say "The bulging disc isn't the issue," right from the start. You can say something more like, "I know I have a bulging disc and my doctor recommends surgery, but I want to spend the next few months (or year or however long) approaching it from a TMS perspective and see what happens." And then throw yourself wholeheartedly into TMS work in spite of whatever doubt you may have, for as long as you're comfortable waiting. Again, unless your doctor says you are truly about to injure or harm yourself if you don't act NOW, you have time to take a TMS approach *even if* there is still something niggling in the back of your mind wondering if it might be the disc causing you pain.
Does that make sense? It doesn't have to be all-or-nothing right away. You can accept that the bulging disc (or whatever) could conceivably be the cause of your pain while also taking time to gather evidence for TMS, build a case, and start reframing your pain and see what happens. You could even change your mind a year later and decide you want to revisit your doctor's diagnosis because the TMS approach is proving unsatisfactory. Or, ideally, the slow dance of evidence-gathering, reframing your pain, and listening to the subtle feelings/worldviews/fears that dwell in you right under the surface will prove to be life-changing and healing.
It's not necessarily ignoring the doctor to get a diagnosis and decide to wait before you try any conventional treatment. Unless you're given a dire warning, there is time for ambiguity, experimentation, and a slow dance toward healing. And if it turns out it wasn't TMS, you haven't harmed yourself by trying that approach - in the end, if nothing else, your self-understanding and approach to pain in general will be transformed for the better, even if your back isn't healed.
I know some people prefer a more black-and-white approach, but I like standing back and watching all of the possibilities ebb and flow and talk to each other until clarity arrives. Hope something in here was helpful!